Tannins

Tannin astringency is well-established for wound-healing applications across botanical medicine.

Mixed tannin fraction provides the primary astringent and hemostatic activity. Well-characterised polyphenol class.

Tannin astringency well characterised across multiple plant sources. Contributes to the overall digestive-toning profile of the herb.

Well-established anti-inflammatory properties; in vitro evidence available

Tannins provide the primary astringent and haemostatic activity through protein precipitation and tissue tightening.

Tannins provide the primary astringent and haemostatic activity in wound-healing preparations.

Tannins provide astringent and anti-hemorrhagic activity in traditional preparations.

Secondary compounds contributing to respiratory tract soothing.

Established astringent mechanism for hemostatic applications.

Established astringent mechanism.

Documented astringent and vulnerary activity in traditional use.

Condensed tannins provide the astringent quality central to eyebright's traditional topical applications. Protein-precipitating activity tones inflamed mucosal tissues.

Condensed tannins provide astringent and anti-inflammatory activity on GI mucosa. Well-characterised class of polyphenols.

Condensed tannins provide astringent action on inflamed mucosae, reducing excessive secretion. Consistent with anti-catarrhal applications.

Condensed tannins are well-characterised astringent compounds. Haemostatic and wound-healing activity through mucosal protein precipitation is established.

Mixed tannin fraction providing astringent, haemostatic, and anti-diarrhoeal activity. Well-characterised polyphenol class.

Support overall respiratory and digestive effects.

Secondary compounds contributing to respiratory tract soothing and digestive astringency.

Tannins provide the primary astringent and haemostatic activity through protein precipitation and mucosal tightening.

Tannins provide the primary astringent activity responsible for haemostatic and antidiarrheal effects.

Condensed tannins provide astringent and haemostatic activity consistent with traditional wound-healing applications of root preparations.

Primary astringent compounds supporting haemostatic and wound-healing activity.

Minor astringent fraction. Wound-healing applications of powdered root are historical and lack modern evidence.

Well-established astringent activity from tannin-rich herbs. Consistent with traditional haemostatic and antidiarrheal claims.

Responsible for the seed preparation described by Culpeper for diarrhea and dysentery.

Astringent activity consistent with traditional wound-healing and haemostatic claims. Limited species-specific research.

Secondary compounds likely contributing to symptomatic relief through astringency.

Tannins are the primary active compounds responsible for the well-documented antidiarrheal and astringent activity.

As described by Culpeper for wound and ulcer applications.

Contrasting binding/astringent action of seeds vs laxative roots documented in traditional use.

Described by Culpeper and confirmed in folk use for wound healing.

Tannins provide astringent and mild antimicrobial activity. Consistent with traditional use for splenic and urinary complaints.

Tannins provide the primary astringent activity responsible for hemostatic effects on mucosal surfaces and wound-binding properties.

Tannins in sassafras bark contribute to its traditional astringent and antimicrobial properties. While not unique to sassafras, the tannin content supports the historical use of sassafras bark preparations for wound healing, diarrhea, and topical skin conditions. Tannins may partially offset safrole absorption through complexation effects.

High tannin content is the primary active fraction. Astringent and protein-precipitating activity on mucosal surfaces is well established for condensed and hydrolysable tannin classes.

Established astringent mechanism.

Tannin fraction provides astringent and hemostatic activity consistent with traditional wound-healing applications.

Tannin fraction provides demulcent and mild astringent activity on respiratory mucosa. Secondary to naphthoquinone fraction in pharmacological significance.

Tannin fraction responsible for astringent and hemostatic activity. Supports traditional use for bleeding and mucosal inflammation.

Established astringent mechanism.

Secondary compounds likely contributing to overall effect. Astringent tannins may soothe respiratory tissues and reduce cough triggers.

High tannin content in leaves accounts for the primary astringent and antidiarrheal activity. Well-characterised mechanism of mucosal protein precipitation.

Established astringent mechanism for wound healing.