Phytolaccagenin

Preliminary

Mechanism of Action

Phytolaccagenin and its glycosides (phytolaccosides) are potent membrane-active saponins that disrupt cell membranes by complexing with cholesterol. They exhibit anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2 pathways, and demonstrate cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines through induction of apoptosis via the mitochondrial (intrinsic) pathway with activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. The saponins are also responsible for the plant's emetic and purgative actions through irritation of gastrointestinal mucosa.

Research Notes

Poke RootWestern

In vitro studies have demonstrated cytotoxic activity of phytolaccagenin and phytolaccosides against HeLa, MCF-7, A549, and HepG2 cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 5–25 µM. A 2011 study in Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin showed phytolaccagenin induced apoptosis in HL-60 leukemia cells via ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. Anti-inflammatory activity has been demonstrated in animal models of carrageenan-induced edema. No human clinical trials have been conducted.

Found In 1 Herb

Poke Root

Western

3D Molecular Structure

Triterpene saponin

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Phytolaccagenin

Triterpene saponinAromatic plant metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties

Representative pattern: C₁₁H₁₄O₆

Atoms

Carbon

Oxygen

Related Compounds (Triterpene saponin)

Aescin(1)Asiaticoside(1)Eclalbatin(1)Larreagenin A(1)Madecassoside(1)

Live Research

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