N. aurantialba polysaccharides (NAPs)

Moderate

Mechanism of Action

Structurally distinct from Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides, NAPs contain hetero-glucan backbones rather than mannan/glucomannan structures. They activate macrophages through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, triggering MyD88-dependent NF-κB pathway activation that promotes nitric oxide (NO) production, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secretion. Antioxidant activity involves suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, restoration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) lipid peroxidation markers. The NAP-3 fraction enhances insulin sensitivity through AMPK pathway modulation.

Research Notes

Golden EarMushroom

TAP-3 (fruiting body polysaccharide fraction) stimulated NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 macrophages through TLR4 pathway activation (published in Frontiers in Immunology, 2022). Liquid fermentation polysaccharides (NAPS-A) demonstrated UVB photoprotective effects through ROS suppression and antioxidant enzyme restoration. NAP-3 fraction showed synergistic hypoglycemic activity with metformin in diabetic mice, reducing blood glucose and enhancing antioxidant capacity (Carbohydrate Polymers, 2023). Genomic analysis identified 296 polysaccharide synthesis-related genes, confirming the organism's significant investment in polysaccharide production.

Found In 1 Herb

Golden Ear

Mushroom

3D Molecular Structure

Hetero-glucan polysaccharide

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N. aurantialba polysaccharides (NAPs)

Hetero-glucan polysaccharideComplex carbohydrate polymers that modulate immune response

Representative pattern: (C₆H₁₀O₅)ₙ

Atoms

Carbon

Oxygen

Live Research

Open on PubMed

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