Melanin complex

Chaga melanin is a high-molecular-weight water-soluble pigment complex of the eumelanin type — structurally similar to human melanin. It functions as a potent free radical scavenger, absorbing and neutralizing superoxide anions (O₂⁻), hydroxyl radicals (OH·), and singlet oxygen. The melanin evolved as a photoprotective and radiation-shielding compound, enabling the fungus to survive extreme UV exposure and cold in boreal environments. In the human body, Chaga melanin demonstrates radioprotective activity and enhances endogenous antioxidant enzyme systems (SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase). The dark black color of the sclerotium exterior is due to melanin concentration.